Notes RC phase shift oscillator The circuit diagram for RC phase shift oscillator using an operational amplifier is shown in fig 1.Circuit analysisFrom second figure,This note is taken from MSC physics, Nepal ...
Notes Low frequency signal mode of FET The low frequency signal mode of a field-effect transistor (FET) refers to the behavior of the transistor when it is operating in its linear region, where the output voltage is ...
Notes Series Regulations A functional block schematic of the series type regulator is shown in Figure. Vo is the regulation output voltage, whereas Vin is an unregulated dc output. The control element moves ...
Notes Zener diode as voltage regulator When operating in the breakdown area, a zener diode can be utilized as a voltage regulator since it keeps the output voltage constant even when the current flowing through it ...
Notes Principle of switching regulator A switching regulator creates a pulse train using a pulse width modulator. The above image depicts the fundamental circuit. When the drive pulse is strong, Q1 is saturated and receives ...
Notes TTL NAND gate In TTL device, each emitter acts as a diode, therefore, Q1 and 4kΩ resistor acts like a 2 -input AND gate. The rest of the circuit inverts the signal. The ...
Notes Astable multivibrator The 555 timer is a TTL compatible integrated circuit and can be used as an oscillator to produce a clock wave. When the correct external components are connected, the circuit ...
Notes Working of a Monostable Multivibrator: The free running oscillator (stable) can be changed into a switching circuit having one stable and one quasi stable state. The resulting mono stable circuit is widely used in industry ...
