Notes Electric field due to a moving charge When a charged particle is moving with a velocity relative to an observer in frame S, the observer will measure the electric and magnetic fields produced by the moving charge. ...
Notes Waves in Plasma In plasma physics, a wave in plasma is a disturbance that propagates through a plasma medium, consisting of charged particles (ions and electrons) and neutral particles. These waves can take ...
Notes Process of reducing a complicated network using methods T network and π network If a second network can be replaced for a first network without affecting the currents and voltages that appear at the network terminals, the two networks are said to be ...
Notes Uses of Operational Amplifier Operational Amplifier are versatile devices that can be used in a wide range of applications, and they are an essential component of many electronic circuits. Operational amplifier is used for...
Notes Magnitude of the star The magnitude of a star is a measure of its brightness as seen from Earth. It is logarithmically based on the amount of light that reaches our eyes from a ...
Notes Radiative energy transport Radiative energy transport refers to the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves or photons. It occurs as a result of the emission and absorption of electromagnetic radiation by matter, and …
Notes Energy transfer mechanism Local thermodynamical equilibrium:Thermodynamical equilibrium between the gases (neutral, partially ionized, completely ionized) and radiation in which Maxwellian velocity distribution (neutral gas), …
Notes Linear Stellar Model The Linear Stellar Model is a mathematical model used to describe the dynamics of a large number of stars in a galaxy. It uses linear algebra and linear dynamical systems ...
