State of forest and forestry in Nepal - outlook for 2020

The Government of Nepal has a policy to maintain 40% of the land with forests. Community based forestry systems have become successful to restore denuded landscapes. As a result, forest areas and conditions have been enhanced in the middle mountains of Nepal. The country is gradually transforming from an agrarian society to a mixed society. The political process is gaining momentum and approaching stability. Due to the implementation of stipulated strategies and priorities, the forestry sector will achieve its policy objectives and targets effectively and efficiently.

Pressure on forests will be decreased due to increasing urbanization, economic growth and strengthened forestry institutions. Community based forestry will be perpetuated to contribute to poverty alleviation and sustainable forest management. Watershed management will be shifted from the micro level to the basin approach. The conservation approach will be transformed from site- to the landscape level. The forestry sector will generate more employment opportunities and contribute to reducing poverty. Forestry institutions and policies will become more inclusive, democratic and transparent.

Wood production from government managed forest is expected to decrease due to reduction in area by the end of 2020. Demand for wood products will be higher and create higher pressure. However, demand will be fulfilled through the sustainable management of community, collaborative and private forests. Wood as a source of energy per capita will decrease, whereas timber and log demand is expected to increase. Use of primary forms of wood products will be replaced by secondary forms such as plywood, board, composite beams, charcoal etc. Most of the trade of wood products will be under the market system and commercialization. NWFPs will have major role in reducing rural poverty and earning foreign income through export of Himalayan herbs.

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