Notes TTL NAND gate In TTL device, each emitter acts as a diode, therefore, Q1 and 4kΩ resistor acts like a 2 -input AND gate. The rest of the circuit inverts the signal so ...
Notes Working of a full wave rectifier with a suitable LC filter Here two diode are working alternatively to use both half cycles of the input. Use of transformer is essential here. Central tapped transformer is used.When input ac supply is ...
Notes Low frequency signal mode of FET Fig shows FET amplifier biased using the combination of self bias and voltage divider, the capacitor that effect the low frequency that effect the low frequency response on the input ...
Notes Series Regulations Figure shows a functional block diagram of the series type regulator. Vin is an unregulated dc output and Vo is the regulation output voltage. The control element is in a ...
Notes Barkhausen condition Let an amp having gain A and a feedback path having gain β (amount of output feedback to input). Then for this system to oscillate the loop gain AB must ...
Notes Zener diode as voltage regulator A zener diode when working in breakdown region, can be used as a voltage regulator because it maintains a constant output voltage even when the current through it changes. The ...
Notes Principle of switching regulator A switching regulators uses a pulse width modulator to produce a pulse train whose duty cycle is automatically adjusted. The basic circuit is shown in figure above. When drive pulse ...
Notes Astable multivibrator The 555 timer is a TTL compatible integrated circuit that can be used as oscillator to provide a clock wave output levels. With the proper external components connected circuit continuously ...
